Friday, August 3, 2018

Week Eleven

New and Modern Ages: Fantasy, Occult Sciences, Vienna Secession, Art Deco, Cubism, Futurism, The Dada, Surrealism, Fascism, Stalinism, Democracy; Workers and their Revolutions
 
W. B. Yeats, “Sailing to Byzantium”, “Byzantium”, “The Second Coming”



On the poem “Sailing to Byzantium”

“I think that if I could be given a month of antiquity and leave to spend it where I chose, I would spend it in Byzantium a little before Justinian opened St. Sophia and closed the Academy of Plato [ca. 530 B.C.]…. I think that in early Byzantium, maybe never before or since in recorded history, religious, aesthetic, and practical life were one, that architects and artificers . . . spoke to the multitude in gold and silver. The printer, the mosaic worker, the worker in gold and silver, the illuminator off scared books were almost impersonal, almost perhaps without the consciousness of individual design, absorbed in their subject matter and that the vision of a whole people.” 
—W. B. Yeats, A Vision

On the poem “Byzantium”

“The poem originates from a criticism of yours. You objected to the last verse of ‘Sailing to Byzantium’ because a bird made by a goldsmith was just as natural as anything else. That showed me that the idea needed exposition.”
—Y. B. Yeats, letter to Sturge Moore, Oct. 4, 1930

“Subject for a poem / Describe Byzantium as it is in the system towards the end of the first Christian millennium. A walking mummy; flames at the street corners where the soul is purified. Birds of hammered gold singing in the golden trees. In the harbor [dolphins] offering their backs to the wailing dead that they may carry them to paradise.”
—from Yeats’ diary, April 1929

George Orwell: “W. B. Yeats”
The Scientists Take Over” (review of C.S. Lewis’s That Hideous Strength
Introduction to Emanations: Third Eye
Gilman, “The Yellow Wallpaper”

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